Sector eléctrico - a los veinte años de la reforma
| Autor | Rolando Salvatierra Combina |
| Páginas | 223-240 |
,Rolando Salvatierra Combina
%B$#/7156,.//4/-023
223
Revista de Derecho
THEMIS 61
* ;H@:=H.HE LMN=BH(N]BS-:F\K>S+ZK>S/:BF:GR*E:R:+KH?>LHK=>E:!:>K>
E:+HGMBoKLB=:=:M^EB<:>E+>K`
W
,,,,, ,73 5$7 3C >%;; 74".5 *
%- :,1+&/
&,!%.4#,=!"(?%38$03 .031(#3 0%30)3 70,R30%3
+,&5/ /-0,&/H $3-4 34$/4E
0)32#'(0,%#>3 10"(1(?3!1#+&!,3 $%3,92(=0%3
/-0,&/ +&3+ 2: 13,&63 +
&+ &-$34/ 1&5+4 13& ?
>53-)3/4E 2: ,/&"2: + 3/+ +
45/3415/+ /-/,'?2: 4
13&
-3$4 3&-3 43
134-5 37:+/ -/ 4 :- 3:-5/
45/4%%/4E4&-/:- -+&4&4E4:-
13416 /- ,?/3 - 4&4
0%30)3.0",30)9"&,("#>31030.&032,!%3"!='(#3
2:3+&@0+$/&3-/H
P!3 ,04#,=!3 8$03 .03 (=+)0=0%&?3 /!"03
%5-&/ ,:%/>&5/ -+
45/3 +53&/H 4' +/ "3, + :5/3E
1:4 /-4&3 2: 4 %
45-5 - 45 45/3H 4&,&4,/E
)!3 ",0!"(?%3 103 1(:0,.#.3 #,2!%(.=#.3
,02$)!1#,0.3*3#+0,!1#,0.3 /!3"#%&,('$(1#3
453 /3,H&-,3$/E;-2:-
+$:-/41:-5/413,)/33?%3,4
"@5-5/++/345/4/3$-&4,/4
0%3 "$!% !3 )!3 )!'#,3 103 )!.3 0=+,0.!.3
13&
H
$% #8%# 9 $# #
224
Revista de Derecho
THEMIS 61
)M, )%&".-1(()*%
C)* 8+,'(+* &$3%+@* ;$,(+-* %3+%/("(+* %* &-2*
93'9$@
>"@" >"@C%3>"@ ': 'AB"
'&3%3=: 'A>'%3"8 &' 8" 'L3AB"[ ': 8" %I"8
2(* #+%#%+?)* #('%2* +(&%",-)%/-2* "-)*&%* 3+%)*
#+%)2B-+'%",.)*("-).',"%*/(&*0(+1*/(*,),",-2*
/(*&-2*%>-2*)-:()#%@*%&*"$'8&,+2(*:(,)#(*%>-2*
/(* &%* ',2'%@* /-)/(* &-2* &-3+-2* 2-)* B?",&(2*
&' O&<: class="_ _3"> '8 '@'%2 I:@<8
8+-#%3.),"-*()* (2#%*#+%)2B-+'%",.)5* C)*(2#(*
"@D%I8
3+%)* #+%)2B-+'%",.)* /(&* 2("#-+* (&K"#+,"-@*
&'A&'I:">'@A>'%CL"6I@4&3%"^
I%*(&( "#+,",/%/* (2*$)%*B$ ()#(*2("$) /%+,%*/(*
':'@14" >
$)%*B$( )#(*8+,'%+, %@*()#+(*&%2 *;$(*#()(' -2*
(&* %3$%@ * (&* 2-&@* ( &* :,()#-@* &% 2* -&%2* /( &* '%+@*
&-2* "-'4 $2#,4&(2* B.2, &(2@* &%* B$(+A%* /(* &%*
#,(++%@* ( )#+(* -#+%25* C2 * $)* 2(+:,", -* 4?2,"-*
7* (&('() #%&* 8%+%* &%* 8-4 &%",.)@* 8%+% * &-2*
8+-"(2-2 * 8+-/$"#,:-2* 7 * 8%+%* (&* /(2%++- &&-*
&' I: >"4 A[ > AI @'1I8"%3 =: 'A
8+,'-+/ ,%&5*
C)* (&* 0(+1@* &%* +(3$&% ",.)* (B("#$%/%* ()* (&*
A'%B A' 2" %<:l>
':8"@'13=:[>'@ 93C':&
A'%B@
>"@"'8 >"4AO ?I'"B@"' 9"O AI
/(2%++-&&-* 2(* 8$( /(* -42(+:%+* ()* '$"
2<1"@'A &'8 >"4A ?I ' %"@'%4": &' 'AB'
A'@L3%3
"%2-2* (2#(* (+%* 4+,)/% /-* "-)* $)* 4%=-* ),:(&*
/(* "%&,/%/H* 2,* 4, ()* &-2* "%'4,-2* (B("#$%/-2*
A' >I'&': 9'&3@ %<:>
2$2#()#-* ()*)-+'%2* &(3%&(2@* ;$(*
23AB'%4 +%"9':B' ': '8
'%@'B 'O &' <:>
8(%B@3%"Af[ AI '18"9':B@
'8 '%@'B@'9 |e|ve[ 8" 'O
u{{vu f'O >"@" "A' 1I@"@ '8 &'A"@@<88
'+%3':B' &' 8" ':' @"%3=: 8(%B@3%"f[ '8
'%@'B "CL &'@<9
" 8" ':'@"%3=: 8 (%B@3%" %<:>
:'@1(C% f O I:" A'@3' &'
:8' B":
(2#%*+(3$&%",.)5
I%* +(B-+'%* /(&* 2("#-+* (&K"#+,"-* 2(* ,),",.* ()*
(&*%>-* EFFJ@*"$%)/-*(&* 2("#-+*2(* ()"-)#+%4%*
': I:" %@3A3A B
2,3$,()#(2*,)/,"%/-+(2O
"i C&*2(+:,",-* (&K"#+,"-* 2.&-*&-* 4+,)/%4%)*
('8+(2%2* 814&,"%2* "-)* '-)-8-&,-2*
8'1"8'AO"%CL3&"&'A3:B'1@"&"A':I:"
2-&%*('8+(2%5*
$i C2#%2* ('8+(2%2* 814&,"%2* (2#%4%)*
>@#%C%"9':B' ?I'$@"&"A[ 8
A' @'/'6"$" ': 8" >
)$(:%2*"()#+%&(2*(&K"#+,"%2* 7*()*+(/(2*
/(*#+%)2',2,.)*7*/,2#+,4$",.)5
%i "B"@3)"'8(%B@3%"A'+6"$"%<:>
><84C% 8"A
('8+(2%2*814&,"%2@*8-+;$(*&-2*,)3+(2-2*
9I%2"AL'%'A:
&i "&'9":&" &'':'@14" AI>'@"$""8"
?I'A'@'/'6"$"':%<:ab>
">"1<: class="_ _3"> @"%3<: class="_ _3"> ':'@14"
(&K"#+,"%5
'i I%*"-4(+#$+%*/(&*2(+:,",-*2.&-*&&(3%4%*%&*
xw&'8"> :<:4>
"8" A"1"&' I&"9(@3%"[" :3L'8'A&'
>"4A'A")@3%":
)i 8%<:ai9 class="_ _3"> &'':'@14"'@"I: &'8
9#A$"6
7d2>
1i "@"
8+-'-",-)%+*,):(+2,.)5
2i @
%&*"-)2$',/-+@*"%&,/%/*/(*&%*8+(2#%",.)*
/(&* 2(+:,",-* 7* 8+-#("",.)* %&* '(/,-*
%'4,()#(@* ()#+(* -#+-2* %28("#-2* ;$(*
/('-2#+%4%)* ;$(* (&* 2("#-+* (&K"#+,"-*
>'@I":
"%'4,-*(2#+$"#$+%&5*
))M, "#]."F',-#+,$#(&.",_,#&'!'$
I@":B' 'AB;
(&K"#+,"-* * 8+-"(2-* /(*
B@":A)9"%3=:[?I' 8' 2" >'@93C&
I: 39>' &'A"@@<88'@93C&
"-)2-&,/%+&-* "-'-* $)*2("#-+* ()* /(2%++-&&-*7*
"-)*$)* 3+%)* B$#$+-*8%+%* %#+%(+*,):(+2,-)(2*7*
%<:acbi3 class="_ _1">A'%<99%@'%393':B
>"4A^AB'>@ 2""B@"L'A"&
'B">"A[8"A%I"8'A%<9':B"9<:c:i>
'M, ;.4%; = 9 Q7;4 #.85W_gg^V_gg`W
(89HNB
83:1@'A 8$'@B ':
,Rolando Salvatierra Combina
%B$#/7156,.//4/-023
225
Revista de Derecho
THEMIS 61
A'%B@$": ': 9":
'N%8IA3L"A &' 8"A '9>@'A"A >J$83%"A ?I' 8
2"$4":88'L"&$@"B8^
C)* (&* "%2-* /(&* 2("#-+* (&K"#+,"-@* (2#-*)-* B$(*
8" 'N%'>%3=:[ O '@" :'%'A"@3
(2#+$"#$+%&@* 8-+* &-* "$%&* &-* 8+,'(+-*;$(*
B$(* "+(%+* $)* (;$,8-* /(* #K"),"-2* )%",-)%&(2*
/(*8+,'(+*),:(&*8%+%*;$(*/,2(>%+%)*(&*'-/(&-*
/(* +(B-+'%* /(&* 2("#-+* (&K"#+,"-@* 8%+%* &-*
"$%&* #-'%+-)* ()* "$()#%* %&3$)-2* '-/(&-2*
'NB@":6'@@3:%3>"89':B' '8 %238':
/,(+-)* &%* B-+'%* 8%+%* 2(* %8&,;$(* %&* 2("#-+*
(&K"#+,"-*)%",-)%&5*
!*/,B(+()",%* /(&*'-/(&-* "1@*()* (&*0(+1*
A' B':4" ?I' 39>8'9':B"@[>"@"8'8"9':B' "
8"@') I:>@ &'>@3L"CP"%3=:[ ?I'
>'@93C'@"?I' (AB" L"O" &' 8" 9":
,)3+(2-*/(* )$(:-2*,):(+2,-),2#%2* ,)#(+(2%/-2*
()* &%2* ('8+(2%2* 814&,"%2* /(* 3()(+%",.)* 7*
&3AB@3$I%3=:?I'A'>@3L"CP"@<:>
C2* ,'8-+ #%)#(* "-'()#%+ * ;$(* ()* (2#%*
+(B-+'%*8 %+#,",8%+-) *2-&%'()#(*, )3(),(+-2@*
8-+* &-* ;$ (* '$" ("#-2* &(3%&( 2* )-*
B$(+-)* '$ 7* 4,()* #+%4%=% /-2@* 8-+* (=(' 8&-*
&%* )-* #(' 8-+%&,/%/* /( * &-2* "-)#+%#-2* / (*
"-)"(2, .)* 8%+%* &%* ('8 +(2%2* 8+,:%#, A%/%2@*
;$(* "%+(" (* /(* 2$2#()#-* / -"#+,)%+,- * 7*
"-)"(8# $%&@*%*/,B(+() ",%*/(*-#+%2 *+(%&,/%/(2*
/(* &%* +(3, .)@* "-'-* 8-+ * (=('8&-* ()* & -2*
"-)#+%#-2* /(*"- )"(2,.)* /(&*"%2- *!+3()#,) -5*
AB# @')8'N 3=: 8" 2"1 3: '8 #:39 '
/(28+(2# ,3,%+* (& * #+%4%=- * +(%&,A%/-@ * ;$(* %* &%*
&$A*/(* &-2*+(2$% /-2* -*'$7*4$() -5*
C2#(* #+%4%=-* "-)"&$7.* "-)* &%* (',2,.)* /(&*
'%@'B
8(%B@3%"AfO AI'18"9':B@ '8
'%@'B@'9 ss|e|ve[?I' 9"@%"@<:>
(&*,),",-*/(*&%*+(B-+'%5
CM, $
%'7;4 W;74A3, #.85$%3 %F$%
75#%<.75>
C2#%* (#%8%* 2(* "%+%"#(+,A%* 8-+* &%*
,'8&('()#%",.)*/(*&%*+(B-+'%*;$(*2(*(=("$#.*
%<:>@<9I81"%3=:&'8 '%@'B
f'O &' <: t>
)-:,('4+(* /(* EFFG@* ;$(* B$(* +(3&%'()#%/-*
>@'9
'93C= ': )'$@'@@3:%3>"8'A
%"@"%B'@4AC%"A&'8"@')
"i "9$3
&,4(+%&,A%",.)*/(&*2("#-+*;$(*8(+',#(*(&*
,)3+(2-*/(*"%8,#%&(2*8+,:%/-25*
$i 'A3:B'1@"%3=: &' "%CL3&"&'A^ '
A'>"@": 8"A "%CL3&"&'A '8(%B@3%"A ':
&3AC:B"A'9>@'A"A%<: class="_ _3"> 8"+:"83&"& &'
B-'()#%+*&%*"-'8(#()",%*()*(&*2("#-+5*
"&,()#(2*&,4+(2@*"$7-2*8+(",-2*7*"-)/,",-)(2*
/(&* 2(+:,",-* 2(* )(3-",%)* &,4+('()#(@*
7* "&,()#(2* +(3$&%/-2@* "$7-2* 8+(",-2* 7*
"-)/,",-)(2*/(&*2(+:,",-*(2#?)*+(3$&%/-2*
8-+*$)*-+3%),2'-*,)/(8()/,()#(5
&i '39>8'9':B"'8>@3:%3>3&'83$@'"%%'A
"8"A@'&'Ah>@3:%3>3<&'8^+0%3L""0..i^
'i 0+-'-",.)* /(* &%* ,):(+2,.)* 8+,:%/%*
'(/,%)#(* (&* -#-+3%',()#-* /(*
"-)"(2,-)(2*7*%$#-+,A%",-)(25
)i '1I8"%3=: &' B"@3)"A %<:>
B(%:3%&'
8"<93A3=:&'"@3)"A&':'@14"^
1i @3L"CP"%3=: &' '9>@'A"A >J$83%
7* /(* 8+-7("#-2@* "-'-* $)%* B-+'%* /(*
8+-'-:(+*&%*,):(+2,.)*8+,:%/%5*
2i @'"%3=: &'8 <93B( &' >'@"%3=:
%<: class="_ _1">'@%<:>
"%3<: h e>
-8(+%/-+(2* ,)/(8()/,()#(2* /(* &-2*
3AB'9"A:B'@%<:>
3i +:'A &' 'AB" 'B">" A' %@'" '8
@1":3A9'@L3A
': :'@14" O 3:'@4" hi[
8(+-* "-'-* $)* -+3%),2'-* )(#%'()#(*
2$8(+:,2-+@* )-* "-)* &%2* "-'8(#()",%2*
?I'C':'"%BI"89':B'^
(M, &<>H<>B, #DBSBU, (89:86E;BHEO9, ;
%'7;4 W`^^_V`^^d
C2#%* (#%8%* 2(* "%+%"#(+,A%* 8-+* (&*
+(B-+#%&(",',()#-* /(&* -+3%),2'-* +(3$&%/-+*
1 G>EFH=>EHGHGNG<:>>LM:MBS:KHGE:L>FIK>L:L>EZK>GE+>K`>G>EJN> >G
se estatizaron todas y pasaron a formar parte de ELECTRO PERU S.A.
$% #8%# 9 $# #
226
Revista de Derecho
THEMIS 61
%<9':&3':B'
&'83:3AB'@3 &':'@14" O3:"A[ 9'&3":B'
8">@<9I81"%3=:&' 8"'Ouzvvu f'O"@%
&' @1":3A9
@3L"&" ': '@L3%3
I>@'9
':'@"8 &' i^ <: :>
A'8' )"%I8B"&'A ?I'
2"AB"8")'%2":8"@'1I8"%3=:&'
B"@3)"A[8"'93A3=: &'9":&"B %<:>
&%* 2-&$",.)* /(* "-)#+-:(+2,%2*()#+(* ('8+(2%2*
/(&*2("#-+* 7* ()#+(*(2#%2* 7*&-2* "&,()#(2*&,4+(25*
"@" 8<1@"@ 'AB
8" <93A3=: &' "@3)"A8(%B@3%"A[ ?I' '@" '8
J$83% )'%2"+6"$"
&%2*#%+,B%25
P#+-* (&('()#-* ;$(* '%+"%* (2#%* (#%8%* (2*
'8 &'A"@@<88
?I' 98'B"9':B' '8 9'@%"&
/(* 3()(+%",.)* /(* (&("#+,",/%/@* "-)* &%*
"-)2#+$"",.)*/(*$)*3+%)*)1'(+-*/(*"()#+%&(2*
/(* 3()(+%",.)* /(* 3%2* )%#$+%&@* ;$(*
'AB" (>
(&* 0(+15* C2#%2* "()#+%&(2* +(('8&%A%+-)* %*
8"A %':B@"8'A B(@93%"A " >'B@=8'
%<9@3:%3>"8 ?I' A<:>
'+%3':B'AO
?I' 8'A >'@93B' &'A>"%2"@ ': '8 3AB'9"
8(%B@3%
&$3%+* 8+(B(+()",%&* /(28$K2* /(* &%2* "()#+%&(2*
8%+%*(&*,)3+(2-*/(*(2#%2*"()#+%&(225
C)*(2#%*(#%8%*#%'4,K)*2(*,),",%*&%*"+,2,2*/(*B%%*
/(* 3()(+%",.)*;$(* 2(* '%#(+,%&,A%* ()* &%* B%%*
/(* "-)#+%#-2* 8%+%*&%2* /,2#+,4$,/-+%2* 8%+%* (&*
2(+:,",-*814&,"-*%*#%+,B%*()*4%++%@* 7*()*&%*B%%*
/(* #+%)2',2,.)* (&K"#+,"%* ;$(* 2(* '%#(+,%&,A%*
%<:>
?I'39>3&' 88'L"@':'@14"'8(%B@3%"" "81I:
>I:B"4A^ AB
/(* 2(3$)/%* 3()(+%",.)* ;$(* 2(* B-+'%&,A%*
%<:>@<9I81"%3=: &' 8" 'Ou{{vu[ O 8
+(3&%'()#-2*;$(*(2#%*8+(:K5
-M, (GB>DB, #DBSBU, "<78>@BNE<9D8, ;
%'7;4 W`^^dV`^_`
C2#%*(#%8%*2(*"%+%"#(+,A%*8-+*&%*8+-'$&3%",.)*/(*
8"'Ou{{vuf'O&'@<9"8"':'@"%3=:
+%3':B'f[?I'@')8'%'8"@')9"$IA%":&
2-&$",-)%+* &-2* 8+,)",8%&(2* 8+-4&('%2* ;$(*
%;$(=%4%)* (&* 2("#-+@* (2#-2* 2-)* &%* B%&#%* /(*
3()(+%",.)*7*/(*#+%)2',2,.)*(&K"#+,"%5
C)* (&* "%2-* /(* &%* 3()(+%",.)* 2(* "+(%* $)*
'("%),2'-*/(*2$4%2#%2*8%+%*&%*"-)#+%#%",.)*/(*
2$',),2#+-2*%* &%+3-*8&%A-@*;$(*4$2"%*"$4+,+* &%*
/('%)/%*/(*&%2*/,2#+,4$,/-+%2*8%+%*(&*2(+:,",-*
814&,"-*/(* (&("#+,",/%/* 4%=-*$)* (2;$('%* /(*
&,",#%",-)(2*/(*2$',),2#+-*%*"%+3-*/(*$)%*-*'?2*
%>-25*C)*(2#(*2,2#('%*(&*8+(",-*;$(*8%3%+?)*&%2*
&3AB@3$I3&"A>
@':B"+6"[8"%I"8 A' >@A
AI$"AB"OC':'>%"@"%B'@4AC%"?I'A'>I'&'
B@"A8"&"@'8IAI"@3"8^
C)*(&*"%2-*/(*&%*#+%)2',2,.)*2(*"+(%)*/-2*2,2#('%2*
"&3%3<: class="_ _1">"8'A &' B@":A93A3=:[ '8 "@":CP"&
'8 <9>8'9':B"@3 ?I' C':': >6'B
B-'()#%+*&%*,):(+2,.)*()*&%*#+%)2',2,.)5
: '8 %"A
@":A93A3=:[C':'%<9?I'8"A
84:'"A?I'8<: class="_ _1">A<: class="_ _1">>
(&*C2#%/-@*%&*,)"&$,+&-2*()*(&*0&%)*/(*W+%)2',2,.)*
7*&$(3-*&,",#%/%2*8-+*&%*!3()",%*/(*0+-'-",.)*
&' 8" :L'@A3=: @3L"&" hi^
AB
$I':">@':B"$383&"&"A'1I@"&"&'tu
%)$%&*8-+*#+(,)#%*%>-2@*2-4+(*&%*,):(+2,.)*;$(*
A'@'"83%'':8"%<:ab class="_ _1">&'8"84:'"O':8"
<>'@"%3=:O9":B':393':B (AB"^$C':'
&%*4$()%*8+-*(&*8-2#-+*;$(* -B+("(*$)%*'()-+*
3:L'@A3=: >"@" 8" %<:ab>
C2#(* 2,2#('%*/(* W+%)2',2,.)* &-* 8%3%)* #-/-2*
8
8(%B@3%
*
: '8 %"AAB'9" <9>8'9':B"@3
W+%)2',2,.)@* (2#(* 2(* "%+%"#(+,A%* 8-+* ;$(* 2(*
%<:ab class="_ _1">IO':"3:3%3"CL"&'8@3L"&
C2#%/-5*0-+*(=('8&-@*$)*"&,()#(*&,4+(*-*$)%*"()#+%&*
'8(%B@3%"?I'A'?I3'@'%<: class="_ _1">"@"8^8>"1
&''ABA3AB'9"A8':88":^
C&*8+(",-*8-+*(&*2(+:,",-*/(*(2#-2*2,2#('%2*8$(/(*
2(+*%"-+/%/-*8-+*&%2*8%+#(2@*&-*;$(*,'8&,"%*;$(*
: @'1I8"&^ : %"A
;$(*&%2* 8%+#(2*)-*2(* 8-)3%)*/(* %"$(+/-* 2(+?*
@'1I8"&^
2 (>=B:GM> E: '>R => oG>L =>E :]H L> IKHAB;B^ >E HMHK@:FB>GMH => GN>O:L LBHG>L
AB=KH>EZG E: IKWMKH<>LH >G E: <>GMK:E>L
hidroeléctricas, que lo estamos sintiendo estos momentos con algunos racionamiento de electricidad en
algunos lugares del país.
,Rolando Salvatierra Combina
%B$#/7156,.//4/-023
227
Revista de Derecho
THEMIS 61
C2#%* (#%8%* #%'4,K)* 2(* "%+%"#(+,A%* 8-+* $)%*
@''AB@I%BI@"%3=: &'8 <93B( &' >'@"%3=:
%<:>
"%3<: h>83%" 8" 3:%8IA3=:
/(* &-2* /,2#+,4$,/-+(2* 7* "&,()#(2* &,4+(2* "-'-*
',('4+-2* /(* (2#(* -+3%),2'-* 8+,:%/-* /(*
,)#(+K2*814&,"-*7* &%*)$(:%*B-+'%*/(* )-'4+%+*
%*2$2*/,+("#-+(2@*/(*#%&*'%)(+%*/(*+-'8(+*"-)*
8"2'1'9<:4 class="_ _3"> ?I'B':4":8 1':'@"&
8" &3@'%%3=: &' 'AB'
-#-+3%',()#-*/(*)$(:%2*B$)",-)(25
P#+-* %28("#-* %* +(2%%+* ()* (2#%* (#%8%* (2*
8" >@<9I81"%3=: &'8 '%@'B
tssu f'O &' @<9
8(%B@3%" %<:>
C':'>@<9
/(* "()#+%&(2* (&K"#+,"%2* "-)* B$()#(2* )-*
+()-:%4&(2@* "-'-* &%* (.&,"%@* &%* 4,-'%2%@* &%*
2-&%+* 7* &%2*
^8A3AB'9"&' >@<9"@"%<:ab>
(2#%2*"()#+%&(2*2(*/%*'(/,%)#(*$)*'("%),2'-*
/(* 2$4%2#%2* /(* 2$',),2#+-* (&K"#+,"-* "-)*
':'@14"@': "8
(&* C2#%/-* &(2* %2(3$+%* &%* "-'8+%* /(* 2$*
':'@14">8"P &'L'3:B'";@'%3
-4#(),/-*()* &%* &,",#%",.)5*I-2* 8+(",-2*;$(* 2(*
()*&-2* 8+,'(+-2*/-2* 8+-"(2-2*
B$(+-)*8-+*()",'%*/(*&-2*8+(",-2*/(*'(+"%/-H*
A3: '9$"@1@
%* "%4-* (&* %>-* GJEE@* &-2* 8+(",-2* 8(+/,(+-)*
"B@"%CL"%3&"& %<:l>
8-+*(&* C2#%/-* ;$(* ;$(*&-2* 8-2#-+(2*8-+*
1":"@@'$"6':AIA>@'%3
P#+-* %28("#-* %* /(2#%"%+* ()* (2#%* (#%8%* (2*
(&* ,'8$&2-* ;$(* (&* C2#%/-* &(* -#-+3.* %* &%*
'8'%B@3+%"%3=: @I@"8[%<:>@<9I81"%3=: &'
8"'O u{zw| f'O':'@"8 &'8'%B@3+%"%3=:
I@"8f[ ?I' C':' >
'8'%B@3+%"@ 8"A P<:>@3L"&
&&(3%)@*8-+;$(*)-*2-)*+()#%4&(25*C2#%*&(7*"+(%*
$)*B-)/-*;$(*8(+',#(*)-*2.&-*&%*"-)2#+$"",.)*
/(* &%2* -4+%2* 2,)-* ;$(* 8(+',#(* 2$42,/,%+* 2$*
-8(+%",.)*7*'%)#(),',()#-5
)))M, '+31%.$, (.F#%&'").$, $.C"#,
+.$, !1%&.$, #$(#%()'+#$, -#, +',
"#]."F'
'M, 4".7 $%3 ;73 $%3 <= $7 F
6EA<>B6E@BHEO9,;<6,:
C2#(* %28("#-* (2* ,'8-+#%)#(* ()* &%* +(B-+'%*
/(&*C2#%/-*/(*,),",-2* /(*&-2*%>-2*)-:()#%@*)-*
2.&-*()* (&*2("#-+* (&K"#+,"-@*2,)-* ()*#-/-2* &-2*
A'%B@"4A[ 'AB'@93B'
;$(* (&* C2#%/-*+((2#+$"#$+(* 2$* +-&* 7* /K* 8%2-*
%* &%* ,):(+2,.)* 8+,:%/%* 8%+%* (&* /(2%++-&&-*
('8+(2%+,%&* 7* &%* ,):(+2,.)* ()* (&* 2("#-+5*
: 'A' A':C&
%':B@" ':] h3i '6'%IB"@ 8" ><84C%" &'8 A'%B
%*#+%:K2* /(*&%* (',2,.)*/(* &%2*)-+'%2* &(3%&(2*
;$(* "-++(28-)/%* 7* /(* +(3&%2*"&%+%2* 8%+%* &-2*
3:L'@A3<:3ab a>
'(/,%)#(* #K"),"%2* ;$(* "-++,=%)* -* %#()1()*
8
'(+"%/-*(&K"#+,"-* "-'-*2-)*8+,)",8%&'()#(@*
8<83
3:)
'@L3A'[ +A%"83%' O A":%3<:>
"$'8&,',()#-*/(*&%2*)-+'%2*&(3%&(2@* #K"),"%2*
O 8
#()('-2* (&* +-&* /(* "-)"(/()#(* 8-+* '(/,-*
/(&* "$%&* (&* C2#%/-* -#-+3%* &%2* "-)"(2,-)(2*7*
"IB"@" &'A"@@<88"@ 8" "%CL3&"&
'8(%B@3%"Oh3Li8""%%3=:&')<9':B
$)%*/-4&(*%"(8",.)@*(&*B-'()#-*/(*&%*,):(+2,.)*
8+,:%/%* ()* (&* 2("#-+* 7* (&* B-'()#-* /(* &%*
%<9>'B':%3"':8"A"%CL3&"&'A %<9>'CCL"A[
"-'-*(2*&%*3()(+%",.)*(&K"#+,"%5
C2#(* ) $(:-* +-&* / (&* C2#%/ -* 8(+',# (* (&*
,)3+( 2-* /(* $)* ) $(:-* %3()# (* %&* '(+"% /-@*
;$(* (2 * (&* ,):(+2 ,-),2#% * 8+,:%/- * 7%* 2(%*
:"%3< :"8 @":6'@ 3:'N3AB' :B' ":B'A
/(*&% *+(B-+'% 5*C2#(* %3()#(* ,)3+(2% *%*#+%:K2*
/(* /-2 * '-/%&, /%/(2O* & %* 8+,'( +%* B$(* &%*
8+,:% #,A%",.)* / (* ('8+(2% 2@* 4%=-* /, 2#,)#%2*
'-/%& ,/%/(2 @* 7* &%* 2(3 $)/%* '( /,%)#(*
$)%* )$ (:%* ,):(+ 2,.)@* 8+ ,)",8%& '()#(@* ( )*
3()(+% ",.)@* #+% )2',2,.) * 7* ()* ,):(+2 ,-)(2*
)$(:% 2*()* /,2#+ ,4$",.) @*(2( )",%&' ()#(@* ()*
'8#@'"@I@"8[%< 9 A :A
8(%B @3% 388"%I @3 ^^ h i
?I' B3': '%< :%'A3<: class="_ _3"> 'A ': 388"%I @3' : %"[
':I "%2 ': I>'^
I%*,):(+2,.)*8+,:%/%*()*&%*%"#$%&,/%/@*/(28$K2*
/(*:(,)#(* %>-2* /(*+(B-+'%@* (2*(&* (=(*"()#+%&*
&'8 &'A"@@<88"4A[ 8" 3:L'@A3=: >@3L"&"
2$8(+%* &-2* GD* JJJ* ',&&-)(2* /(* /.&%+(2*
)-+#(%'(+,"%)-2* ()* ,):(+2,.)* "-)2#%)#(*
': B
':'@14"'8(%B@3%"["&'9#A'N3AB'I:"3:L'@A3=:
'$7*,'8-+#%)#(*%*B$#$+-5
CM, %<.5 class="_ _3"> C%;># 3 F
$%3 C.$ $%
V)-* /(* &-2* 8+(2$8$ (2#-2* 8+(:,-2* 8%+%*
"-)2(3$,+* &%* +("-) 2#+$"",.)* /(* &%*
$% #8%# 9 $# #
228
Revista de Derecho
THEMIS 61
"-'8(#()",%* ()* (&* 2 ("#-+* (&K"#+,"-* (2* &%*
&'A3:B'1@"%3=: L'@C %"8 &' 8"A "%CL3&"&'A
%<9>'CCL"A O : 'CCL"A ': 8
2,2#('%2*,)#(+"-)("#% /-235
<9"@@3;<@*8%+%*"-)2(3$,+*
&%* #+%)28%+()",%* 7* /$%&,/%/* /(&* +K3,'()*
6I@4&3%@'A%3:&3$8'I:"&'A3:B'1@"%3=:
L'@C%"8&'8"A&3AC:B"A)"A'A
)(3-",-*;$(*2(*#+%#(@*()*&-2* ;$(*"%2,*2,('8+(*
'A >
h%<9I:'Ai O 8
>@'A':B"&'@"&
()* "-'8(#()",%5* C&* "-)"(8#-* "&%:(* /(* &%*
A'>"@"%3=: &' "%CL3&"&'A 'A 8" A'>"@"%3=:
&'@'149':'A6I@4&3%'@93B'>"A"@ &'
$)*'-/(&-* "(++%/-*(*,)#(3+%/-*%* $)*'-/(&-*
&'A3:B'1@"&'@BI@"
%*&%*"-'8(#()",%*7*+(3$&%",.)5
A 39>
(&K"#+,"%2* 2-)* &%* 3()(+%",.)@* #+%)2',2,.)* 7*
&3AB@3$I%3=:&'':'@14"[OC':':8"AA31I3':B'A
%"@"%B'@4AC%"A]
"i ':'@"%3=:^e A 8" "%CL3&"& &'
8+-/$"",.)*/(* (&("#+,",/%/@* &%* ;$(*2(*
'%#(+,%&,A%* %&* #+%)2B-+'%+*$)%* B$()#(*
8+,'%+,%@*;$(*8$(/(*2(+*(&* %3$%*-*$)%*
B$()#(*#K+',"%*"-'-*(&* 3%2*)%#$+%&@*(&*
8(#+.&(-@*(&*"%+4.)*(&*/,(2(&@*()#+(*-#+-25*
N3AB': "A )I':B'A &' >@:
%<9
L<8%":'A O &' 8" C'@@" h1'
A<8"@[ :I%8'"@ IC83P"%3=: &' $3<9"A"[
'B%(B'@"^3: '9$"@1<[: A<:>
%<9'@%3"8'A^ '1J: 8" 8'13A8"%3=: :
(2*"-)2,/(+%/%*$)*2(+:,",-*814&,"-5*Q-*
(2* $)* '-)-8-&,-* )%#$+%&5* C&* 3()(+%/-+*
B"9$3(:'AI:%<9'@%3"83P"&<@&'':'@14"^
$i W+%)2',2,.)* -* W+%)28-+#(^e A 8"
"%CL3&"&9'&3":B' 8"%I"8A' B@"A8"&"
8" ':'@14" &'A&' 8
8+-/$"",.)*
%<:ai9 ic83p>
hvs sss O ys sss L<8C
Para continuar leyendo
Solicita tu prueba